Best European Alternatives to X (Twitter) (2026)
X, formerly Twitter, changed ownership in 2022, and its rules on moderation and data have changed several times since. It now uses your posts to train its Grok AI unless you opt out, and collects detailed data on what you post, follow, and read. European microblogging alternatives are mostly open source and decentralised, so no single company owns your data or the platform.
Replace X (Twitter) with a private social network based in Europe. Compare Mastodon, Pleroma, all operated under European privacy law.
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Mastodon (Germany)
A social network like Twitter, but with no ads and no algorithm. Join any community and talk to people across the whole network.
✓ Open source ✓ Free tier -
Pleroma (Federated network)
Lightweight social network that connects to Mastodon and the wider Fediverse, easy to self-host on a modest server.
✓ Open source ✓ Free tier ✓ No account needed
Replacing more than X (Twitter)?Swipe through the apps you use and get a step-by-step switch plan. No account needed.
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